What is a heart attack?
A heart attack occurs when the blood flowing through the heart is blocked. Blockage usually consists of deposits of fat, cholesterol and other plaque forming substances in the coronary arteries (coronary arteries).
The plate eventually breaks and forms a clot. The interrupted blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.
A heart attack can be fatal, but the treatment has improved dramatically over the years. If you think you have a heart attack, call 108 for India or 911 for the USA
Accumulation plaque in the arteries or atherosclerosis. As the plaque builds up, the arteries become narrowed, preventing blood from flowing and posing a risk of heart attack or stroke. You can take many steps to prevent heart disease, but everyone must be proactive and take steps to control your risk factors.
A heart attack occurs when the blood circulation in one part of the heart is blocked by a blood clot. When this clot completely cuts the flow of blood, the part of the heart muscle provided by this artery begins to die. Most people survive their first heart attack and return to normal life to enjoy many years of productive activity. However, if you have a heart attack, you will need to make changes. The doctor will inform you about medications and lifestyle changes, based on the severity of heart damage and the extent to which heart disease has caused the heart attack.
What is the cause of a heart attack?
A heart attack occurs when one or more of your coronary arteries are obstructed. Over time, a coronary artery may shrink due to the accumulation of various substances, including cholesterol (atherosclerosis). This disease, called coronary artery disease, causes most heart attacks.
During a heart attack, one of these plaques can burst and spread cholesterol and other substances in the blood. A blood clot forms at the site of the tear. When large enough, the blood clot can block blood flow into the coronary artery and deprive the heart muscle of oxygen and nutrients (ischemia).
You can have a complete or partial block. Complete blockage means that you have had ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Partial blockage means that you have had myocardial infarction without NS-ST (NS-STM). The stages of diagnosis and treatment may differ depending on what you have had.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack? Heart disease?
Common signs and symptoms of a heart attack are:
Ø Pressure, tightness, pain or feeling of tightness or pain to the neck, jaw.
Ø Nausea, indigestion, stomach burning or abdominal pain
Ø Breathlessness
Ø Cold sweats
Ø Tiredness
Ø Sudden dizziness or
Ø Dizziness
Not all people with heart attacks have
Not all people with heart attacks have
pain. others are in more pain. Some people have no symptoms; For others, they have, the more likely your heart attack is.
Some heart attacks are sudden, but many
people already show warning signs and symptoms hours, days or weeks before.
The warning may be recurring chest pain or pressure (angina pectoris)
by a transient decrease in blood flow to the heart.
triggered by physical exertion and relieved by rest periods. Angina is caused
What to do in case of a heart attack?
Act immediately. Some people wait too long because they do not recognize the important signs and symptoms. Follow these steps:
·Request emergency medical assistance. If you think you have a heart attack, do not hesitate. Call emergency number 911 or your local emergency number immediately. If you do not have emergency services, have someone take you to the nearest hospital.
Only drive if you have no other options. As your condition may worsen, you and others are at risk.
· Take nitroglycerin if prescribed by a doctor. Take it as directed while waiting for emergency relief.
·Take aspirin if recommended. Taking aspirin during a heart attack can reduce heart damage by preventing blood clotting.
However, aspirin can interact with other medications. Do not take aspirin unless your doctor or emergency medical service recommends it. Do not wait until you call 911 to take aspirin. Call first for help.
Risk factor for heart attack?
Some factors contribute to the unwanted
accumulation of fatty deposits (arteriosclerosis), which narrows the arteries
throughout the body. You can improve or eliminate many of these risk factors to
reduce the likelihood of your first or other heart attack.
Risk factors for heart attack are:
· Older. Men over the age of
45 and women over 55 are more likely to have a heart attack than men and
younger women.
· Tobacco This includes
smoking and long-term exposure to second-hand smoke.
· Hypertension Over time, high
blood pressure can damage the arteries of your heart. High blood pressure,
which is associated with other problems such as obesity, high cholesterol or
diabetes, additionally increases the risk.
· High levels of
cholesterol or triglycerides in the blood. High levels of low
density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol) (the "bad" cholesterol) tend to
shrink the arteries. High levels of triglycerides, a type of blood fat
associated with your diet, also increases the risk of heart attack. High-density
lipoprotein ("good" cholesterol), however, reduces the risk of heart
attack.
· Obesity. Obesity is
associated with high blood cholesterol, triglycerides, high blood pressure and
diabetes. However, losing only 10% of your body weight can reduce this risk.
· Diabetes. If you do not
produce enough hormone that is released from your pancreas (insulin), or if you
do not respond properly to insulin, your body's blood sugar levels will
increase, increasing the risk of heart attack.
· Metabolic syndrome. This happens when
you are overweight, high blood pressure and blood sugar. The metabolic syndrome
is twice as likely to have heart disease than if you did not have it.
· Family history of a
heart attack. If your siblings, parents or
grandparents had an early heart attack (aged 55 for men and 65 for women),
there is an increased risk.
· Lack of physical
activity Inactivity contributes to high
cholesterol and obesity in people who exercise regularly have better cardiovascular
disease, including low blood pressure.
· Stress. They can respond to
stress to increase the risk of heart attack.
· Illegal drug use. The use of
stimulants such as cocaine or amphetamines can trigger a spasm of the coronary
arteries, which can trigger a heart attack.
· A story of
preeclampsia. This condition causes high blood
pressure during pregnancy and increases the risk of heart disease throughout
life.
· An autoimmune
disease. A disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or
lupus may increase the risk of heart attack.
Preventing Heart Disease | How can I cure a heart attack?
It's never too late to take steps to
prevent a heart attack, even if you had one. Here you can prevent a heart
attack.
· Drugs. Taking medicines
can reduce the risk of heart attack and improve the function of your damaged
heart. Continue to take what your doctor has prescribed for you and ask your
doctor how often you should be monitored.
· Lifestyle factors. They know how to:
Maintain a healthy weight with a healthy diet for the heart, not smoking,
exercising regularly, coping with stress and controlling conditions that can
lead to heart attacks such as high blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes.